U N C L A S S I F I E D
"OPERATIONAL BREVITY WORDS AND TERMINOLOGY"
The following are two lists of operational brevity words and
terms to provide common understanding and minimize radio
transmissions while executing tactics described in this manual.
This common understanding, however, is dependent on the
following rules of engagement:
These lists are not all inclusive.
Use plain English when required.
Words listed below should be used in lieu of words or
phrases with similar definitions.
When a flight lead makes directive calls, the wingman must
respond with the directed action to the best of his
ability.
If the wingman uses a "directive" term/word, it is a
request and the flight lead reserves the right to
approve/deny the wingman's requested action.
Allied nations may have different meanings for some of the
terms/words listed here (reference ACP 165). They are indicated
by an asterisk (*) behind the term/word.
ABORT
Directive to cease action/attack/event/mission.
ACTION
Directive to initiate a briefed attack sequence or
maneuver.
AIRCRAFT AXIS
There are three axis which are mutually perpendicular and
have a common point of intersection. The aircraft
longitudinal axis is parallel to the fuselage reference
line. Aircraft rotation around this axis is roll or bank.
The aircraft vertical axis is perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis through the center of the aircraft.
Rotation around this axis is yaw. The aircraft lateral
axis is perpendicular to both the longitudinal and
vertical axes at the point of intersection. Rotation
around this axis is pitch.
ALPHA CHECK
Request for bearing and range to described point.
ANCHOR
Orbit about a specific point; ground track flown by
tanker. Information call indicates a turning engagement
about a specific location.
ANGLE OF ATTACK (AOA)
The angle between the cord line of the wing and the
relative wind.
ANGLE-OFF
The angular difference between the longitudinal axis of
the attacker and the logitudinal axis of the defender.
ANGELS
Height of aircraft in thousands of feet.
APEX/ALAMO
Training term used to denote simulated launch of enemy,
all-aspect radar missile.
APHID/ARCHER
Training term used to denote simulated launch of enemy,
rear hemisphere heat seeking missiles.
ARCING
Cutoff in plane of target motion to decrease range to
targetdefender allows attacker to use cutoff.
ARM/ARMED (Safe/Hot)
Select armament (safe/hot), or armament is safe/hot.
AS FRAGGED
Fighter, FAC, mission package, or agency will be
performing exactly as stated by the air tasking order.
ASPECT
Request/comment regarding target aspect information.
ASPECT ANGLE
The angle between the longitudinal axis of the target
(projected rearward) and the ine-of-sight to the fighter,
measured from the tail of the target. The attackers
heading is not a consideration. (Whenever the attacker is
pointed at the bogey, angle-off and aspect are the same.)
ATTACK/ATTACKING()
Indicates air-to-surface attack on a specific ground
target.
ATOLL
Rear hemisphere heat-seeking missile.
ATTACK AXIS
An orientation direction usually thought of as an
imaginary line passing through the target on some
particular headingexample, the range run-in heading.
AUTHENTICATE()
To request or provide a response for a coded challenge.
AUTONOMOUS
Aircrew is operating without benefit of GCI/AWACS control.
AUTONOMOUS INTERCEPT
Intercepts initiated by aircrew when no target information
is being received from command and control sources.
BANDIT(Radar/Heat/Striker)
Known enemy aircraft and type ordnance capability, if
known.
BARO
A term used synonymously used with System Altitude. (See
System Altitude)
BARREL ROLL MANEUVER
A vertical rolling maneuver used to reduce aspect angle
while keeping sight of the bogey and maintaining nose-tail
separation.
BASE (Number)
Reference number used to indicate such information as
headings, altitudes, fuels, etc.
BEAM/BEAMER (Direction)
Aircraft maneuvering stabilized within 700 to 1100 aspect;
generally given with cardinal directions: east, west,
north, south.
BELLYCHECK
A momentary unloaded bank to check the blind side of a
turning aircraft.
()BENT
Identified system inoperative.
BFM ( Basic Fighter Maneuver )
Training designed to apply aircraft handling skills to
gain proficiency in recognizing and solving range,
closure, aspect, angle off, and turning room problems in
relation to another aircraft to either attain a position
from which weapons may be employed or deny the adversary a
position from which weapons may be launched or defeat
weapons employed by an adversary. Examples are the high
speed yo-yo, quarter plane maneuver, Immelmann turn,
barrel roll. BFM training builds appreciation of pursuit
geometry, cutoff, radial G, rolling maneuvers and energy
management.
BFM ADVANTAGE
The command or use of maneuvering airspace usually OUT OF
PLANE OF A BANDIT`S TURN TO ALLOW the attacker to gain or
maintain an offensive advantage or close to a gun
solution. Requires positional and/or energy advantage.
BINGO
Prebriefed fuel state which is needed for recovery using
prebriefed parameters.
BLIND
No visual contact with friendly aircraft; opposite of term
"VISUAL."
BLOWTHROUGH
Directive/informational call that indicates aircraft will
continue straight ahead at the merge and not turn with
target/targets.
BOGEY
A radar/visual contact whose identity is unknown.
BOGEY DOPE
A request for bearing and range to bogey and as available,
heading, speed, and altitude.
BOMB RANGE (BR)
The horizontal distance a bomb will travel from release to
impact.
BOMB TRAIL
The distance that represents bomb drag in weapon ballistic
computation.
BONE
Term used to indicate the formation will remain in a
Racetrack-type holding pattern (with all wingmen's tums
into lead); exit formation must be specified by lead.
BOX
Groups/contacts/formations in a square or offset square.
BRACKET
Indicates geometry where aircraft will maneuver to a
position on opposing sides either laterally or vertically
from the target.
BREAK (Up/Down/Right/Left)
Directive to perform an immediate maximum performance turn
in the indicated direction. Assumes a defensive situation.
BREVITY
Term used to denote radio frequency is becoming
saturated/degraded and briefer transmissions must follow.
BROADCAST
Request/directive to switch to Broadcast Control.
BROKE LOCK
Loss of radar/IR lock-on (advisory).
BUDDY SPIKE (Position/Azimuth/Altitude)
Receiving friendly AIRWR.
BUGOUT (Direction)
Combat separation for low fuel, loss of tactical
advantages or accomplishments of mission objectives;
intent is to permanently separate from that particular
engagement/attack.
BULLSEYE
An established reference point from which the position of
an aircraft can be determined.
BULLSEYE
An established reference point from which the position of
an aircraft can be transmitted. Sometimes referred to as
"broadcast control" if more than one bullseye is used,
designate by Alpha, Bravo etc.
BUMP/BUMP-UP
A fly-up to acquire line of sight to the target or laser
designation.
BUNT
A pushover maneuver.
BURNER
Directive to select/deselect afterburner (generally to fly
at maximum speed).
BUZZER
Electronic communications jamming.
CAP/CAP(Location)
An orbit at a specified location. Establish a combat air
patrol at (location).
CATA
Collision Antenna Trail Angle. The azimuth of your radar
antenna when tracking (locked on) a target that is on a
collision course with your aircraft.
CHAFF/ FLARE
Directive to deploy CHAFF and / or FLARES and deselect AB
(Situation permitting). Often added immediately after
directing a flight member to do a defensive maneuver. Also
informative by one using CHAFF/FLARE(S) as a reminder to
his partner to use them when necessary.
CHAMPAGNE
An attack of three distinct groups with two in front and
one behind. The leading two groups are attempting to
bracket with the trailing third group flying up the
middle.
CHANDELLE TURN
A near vertical turn up, used to attack a high bandit from
a medium to front quarter aspect. Does not require as much
altitude separation as the Immelmann turn. Should
terminate in a rear hemisphere weapons envelope with
overtake.
CHATTERMARK
Begin using briefed radio procedures to counter comm
jamming.
CHEAP SHOT
A qualifying statement to indicate the shot had low
probability of success.
CHECK ( )
A directive statement made to momentarily monitor
(specified items/systems).No response is required if
status is normal.
CHECK LEFT/RIGHT
By GCI: Alter course ( ) degrees left or right momentarily
for airborne search positioning, then resume original
heading.
By Flight Lead: Alter course to new heading, 30 degrees if
not specified.
CHECK ANGELS /FUEL
An information statement made by GCI to aircrew ng ACBT.
No aircrew response required.
CHICKS
Friendly fighter aircraft.
CHRISTMAS TREE
Directive to briefly turn on exterior lights to enable
visual acquisition.
CIRCLE (RIGHT/LEFT)
Flight-lead-directed defensive maneuver in which the
flight establishes a circular holding pattern for mutual
support.
CLEAN
No radar contacts; used to confirm a good battle damage
check (i.e., no air-to-surface ordnance remaining on the
wingman's aircraft).
CLEAR
No enemy aircraft are a threat to your rear quadrantthat
is, your six is clear. Also used when flight lead is
authorizing change of command or role swap for wingman
from supporting to engaged.
CLEARED
Requested action is authorized (no engaged/support roles
are assumed).
CLEARED DRY
Ordnance release not authorized.
CLEARED HOT
Ordnance release is authorized.
CLOSE CONTROL
The maximum degree of control that GCI can provide.
CLOSING
Bandit/bogey/target is getting closer in range.
COLD
In context; attack geometry will result in a pass or roll
out behind the target; or, on a leg of the CAP pointed
away from the anticipated threats. Air-to-surface, dry or
no-ordnance attack.
"COLD" SIDE
The side of the RED opposite that where collision antenna
train angle occurs.
COMEBACK HIGH/ LOW/LEFT/RIGHT
Informative call requesting the addressed fighter to
reposition accordingly.
COMEOFF (Left/Right/High/Low/Dry)
A directive to maneuver as indicated to either regain
mutual support or to deconflict flight paths for an
exchange of engaged and supporting roles. Implies both
"visual" and "tally."
COMMITTED/COMMIT
Fighter intent to engage/intercept; weapons director (WD)
continues to provide information.
CONNING
Leaving contrails or otherwise marking aircraft position.
CONTACT
Radar/IR contact at the stated position; should be in
bearing, range, altitude (BRA), Bullseye, or geographic
position format.
CONTACT
Radar and/or IP pick-up at the stated position. Position
usually stated in magnetic bearing, range, altitude (BRA),
Bullseye, or geographic position format if locked on.
Friend or foe unknown.
CONTINUE
Continue present maneuver; does not imply clearance to
engage or expend ordnance.
CORNER VELOCITY
Minimum speed at which maximum allowable aircraft G can be
attained. Minimum turn radius and maximum rate are
achieved by most aircraft types at corner velocity. The
F-16Јs unique flight control character are such that it
doesn't have a corner velocity in this classic sense.
COUNTEROFFENSIVE MANEUVERING
Maneuvers which are performed by an aircraft under attack
and which are designed to negate the present threat and
proceed to an offensive position as the attacker.
COVER
Directive to assume briefed support position and
responsibilities.
CRANK (Direction)
F-Pole maneuver; implies illuminating target at radar
gimbal limits.
CROSS TURN/CROSS
A 180 heading reversal by a flight where aircraft turn
into each other.
CUTOFF
Request for, or directive to, intercept using cutoff
geometry.
DAISY CHAIN
Numerous fighters in-trail maneuvering for shots on one
another.
DEADEYE
Informative call by an airborne laser designator
indicating the laser is inoperative.
DEFENSIVE (Spike/Missle/SAM/Mud/AAA)
Aircraft is in a defensive position and maneuvering with
reference to the stated condition. If no condition stated
maneuvering is with respect to A/A threat.
DEFENSIVE TURN
A planned turn designed to prevent an attacker from
entering/ remaining in the defender's vulnerable cone.
This maneuver has limitations since it may allow arcing;
however, done early enough and properly executed, allows
defender to keep sight, makes attacker's BFM problem more
difficult, and may cause attacker to overshoot.
DEPLOY
Directive for the flight to maneuver to briefed
positioning.
DISENGAGE
Discontinue the current attack.
DIVERT
Proceed to alternate mission/base.
DOLLY
Data link equipment
DOPE
Directive to "delay the engagement."
DRAG/DRAGGING (Direction)
Bogey/Bandit maneuvering to 60 degress or less aspect.
DUKE IT OUT
Meet the enemy head on to engage.
ECHELON (Cardinaldirection)
Groups/contacts/formation with wingman displaced
approximately 45 deg behind leader's wing line.
ELEMENT
Formation of two aircraft.
ENGAGED
Maneuvering with the intent of achieving a kill. If no
additional information is provided (bearing, range, etc.),
ENGAGED implies visual/radar acquisition of target
ENGAGED (FIGHTER)
Indicates the fighter or element is maneuvering to attain
or deny weapons release parameters or is in the visual
arena maneuvering in relation to the targetWC stops
providing specific target information and continues with
situation awareness information.
EXTEND (LEFT/RIGHT)
Gain energy and distance using proper energy profile with
the possible objective of reentering the fight.
EXTENSION
A straight-line unloaded (slightly less than 1 G)
acceleration maneuver. This maneuver may be interrupted by
a series of checkturns so that the extending fighter can
maintain sight of the attacking aircraft.
ESTIMATE
Using information available to provide data required,
implies degradation.
EXTEND (Direction)
Directive to gain energy and distance with the possible
intent of reengaging.
EYEBALL
Fighter with primary visual identification (VID)
responsibility.
FADED
Previous radar contact is lost
FAST
Target speed is estimated to be 600 knots ground mach 1 or
greater.
FEBA
Forward edge of the battle area as set during the scenario
briefing.
FEET WET/DRY
Flying over water/land.
FENCE
Boundary separating hostile and friendly area.
FENCE CHECK
Set cockpit switches as appropriate.
FIGHTER DOPE
Request for bearing and range to friendly aircraft.
FLANK/FLANKING
Target with a stable aspect of 120 deg. to 150 deg.
FLARES
Flares have been detected or directive to deploy flares.
FLASH (MODE)
Temporary activation of IFF transponder on desired
mode/code.
FLOAT
Directive/informative to expand the formation laterally
within visual limits to maintain a radar contact or
prepare for a defensive response.
FOLLOW DOLLY
Follow data-link commands.
FOX
Air-to-air weapons employment.
FOX ONE
Simulated/actual launch of radar-guided missile.
FOX TWO
Simulated/actual launch of infrared-guided missile.
FOX THREE
Simulated/actual launch of AMRAAM/Phoenix missile.
FOX FOUR
Bomber gunner has simulated firing on a target.
FOX MIKE
VHF/FM radio.
FURBALL
A turning fight involving multiple aircraft.
FUSELAGE REFERENCE LINE (FRL)
A basic reference line extending through the fuselage,
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft.
GADGET
Fire control radar / Emitter of radar equipment.
GADGET SICK
Airborne FCS/ ground equipment is degraded.
GADGET BENT
Airborne FCS/ ground equipment is inoperative.
GADGET WELL
Airborne FCS/ ground equipment is working.
GIMBAL (Direction)
Radar target is approaching azimuth or elevation limits.
GO ACTIVE
Go to briefed Have Quick net.
GO SECURE
Activate secure voice communications.
GORILLA
Large force of indeterminable numbers and formation.
GREEN (Direction)
Direction determined to be clearest of enemy air-to-air
activity.
GROUP
Radar target(s) within approximately 3 NM of each other.
GUN (Direction)
Visual acquisition of gunfire, AAA site, or AAA fire.
GUNS
An air-to-air or air-to-surface gunshot.
GUNS
Indicates a simulated guns shot.
GUNS BREAK
Directive call to perform a break out of the plane.
GUNS JINK or JINK (DIRECTION)
Directive call to perform gun defensive maneuvers.
HARD (Direction)
High-G, energy sustaining turn.
HARD TURN
Maximum G turn sustaining energy. Whether to use AB or not
is a briefing item.
HARMONIZATION
The adjustment of a gun and sight of an aircraft so that
when within effective range, the tracking index will
indicate the impact point of the bullets.
HASSLE
Two or more aircraft involved in an air combat maneuver.
HAWK
Staying above the flight.
HEAD
Target with an aspect of 160 deg. to 180 deg.
HEADS DOWN
Call to infom aircrew that leader/wingman is head-down in
the cockpit and wingman/leader is responsible for
clearing.
HEADS UP (Direction/Altitude)
Enemy/bogey got through; no kill.
HIGH
Target above 30,000 feet MSL.
HIGH DEFLECTION GUNSHOT
Gun attack during which the fighter is firing as the
bandit passes through the pipper at high angle-off.
Tracking is impossible due to excessive line-of-sight rate
of the bandit. High deflection gun shots normally
terminate in close-in overshoots of the target's flight
path by the attacker.
HIGH YO-YO
An out of plane offensive BFM performed to control
overtake while closing from a low aspect. Also used to
reduce aspect angle.
HIT
Radar return in search (A/A). Weapons impact within lethal
distance (air-to-ground [A/G]).
HOLD DOWN
Directive to key transmitter for DF steer.
HOLDING HANDS
Aircraft are joined in formation, implies visual contact
by all flight members.
HOME PLATE
Home airfield.
HOOK (LEFT OR RIGHT)
Directive to perform an in-place 180 deg. turn.
HOOKING (LEFT OR RIGHT)
Directive/information call to approach target from a
single/indicated side.
HOT
In context; attack geometry will result in rollout in
front of the target; or on a leg of the CAP pointing
toward the anticipated threats (A/A). Ordnance employment
authorized, expected, or completed (A/G).
"HOT" SIDE
The side of the REO where the collision antenna train
angle is located.
HOTEL FOX
HF radio.
HOUND DOG
Call made by supporting fighter or a wingman indicating he
has visual, tally, and a clear path to the bandit and is
in an advantageous position to engage. Clock position and
distance are normally added to indicate bandit position
relative to the flight, or wingman position relative to
the leader.
ID
Directive to intercept and identify the target; also
aircrew ID accomplished, followed by type aircraft.
IMMELMANN TURN
A vertical turn up designed to solve a high angle-off and
high aspect angle attack situation. Optimally performed,
the Immelmann turn should terminate in the defender's 6
o'clock, within heat missile range and a relatively high
energy state. Normally performed from head-on aspect with
large altitude separation.
IN PLACE (Left, Right)
Perform indicated maneuver simultaneously.
IN TRAIL
Perform suggested maneuver maintaining relative position
in formation.
JINKOUT MANEUVER
Unpredictable maneuvers to negate a gun tracking solution.
A series of changes in roll, pitch, and G performed to
prevent an attacker from achieving a gun tracking
solution. This maneuver will not be effective against
missiles.
JOKER
Prebriefed fuel state above Bingo at which
separation/bugout/event termination should begin.
JUDY
Aircrew has radar/visual contact on the correct target,
has taken control of the intercept and only requires
situation awareness information; weapons director (WD)
will minimize radio transmissions.
JUDY ANGLE
Call made by the fighter stating the fighter will position
himself in azimuth and GCI will provide range info to the
target from the fighter.
KILL
Directive to commit on target with clearance to fire in
visual or beyond visual range; implies hostile and ROE
compliance; in training, fighter call to indicate KILL ROE
has been fulfilled.
KNOCK-IT-OFF
Terminate any intercept/ engagement in progress.
LADDER
Three or more groups/contacts/formations in trail.
LAG CORNER
A maneuver, executed from an offensive position, where
excess energy is used to drive to defender's blind cone,
then a high G turn is used to solve angle off. This
maneuver is only effective if the attacker has an obvious
turn performance advantage.
LAG PURSUIT ATTACK
An attack geometry that will cause the attacker to fly
behind the target. The nose of the attacking aircraft
remains pointed behind the defender. (At some point a
successful attack will usually have to transition to pure
/ lead pursuit.)
LAG ROLL
A rolling maneuver, executed from an offensive position,
performed opposite the direction of target turn in an
attempt to reduce aspect angle and/ or control closure.
Used to achieve rear aspect heat missile parameters.
LEAD PURSUIT ATTACK
An attack geometry that will cause the attacker to fly in
front of the target. The nose of the attacker's aircraft
remains pointed ahead of the defender's aircraft.
LEAD TURN
A turn which is initiated prior to passing the opponents
3/9 line.
LINE ABREAST
Two groups/contacts/formations/aircraft side-by-side.
LINE-OF-SIGHT (LOS)
An imaginary straight line from an observer's eye to a
target.
LOCKED (BRA/Direction)
Final radar lock-on; sort is not assumed
LOW
Target altitude below 10,000 feet AGL
LOW YO-YO
A maneuver, executed from an offensive position, used to
close on the target aircraft by the effective use of
cutoff and acceleration.
LUFBERRY
A circular stagnated fight with no participant having an
advantage.
MAGNUM
launch of AGM-88 HARM.
MARKING
leaving contrails or otherwise marking aircraft position.
MAXIMUM TURNING PERFORMANCE
Turn performance during which the maximum obtainable turn
rate is achieved.
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE
Performance near the limits of the maneuvering envelope,
includes minimum speed, maximum speed, low G, and placard
G.
MEDIUM
Target altitude between 10,000 feet AGL and 30,000 feet
MSL.
MERGE(D)
Informative that friendlies and targets have arrived in
the same visual arena.Call indicating radar returns have
come together.
MICKEY
Have Quick time-of-day (TOD) signal.
MIDNIGHT
Informative call advising that command and control
functions (GCI/AWACS) are no longer available.
MIL ( Milliradian )
An angular measurement which subtends one foot at 1.000Ј
(17.45 mils equal 1 degree ). Also, military power.
MINIMUM ATTACK PERIMETER (MAP)
An imaginary circle centered on the target which depicts
the distance from the target at which rollout occurs and
tracking begins. The radius of this circle varies with
planned delivery parameters.
MISS DISTANCE (MD)
The distance and direction of bomb impact from the target
due to imperfect release conditions.
MEL
Directive to select military power.
MORT
Simulated kill on a friendly aircraft in ACBT.
MUD (Direction-Type)
Indicates unknown RWR ground threat displayed; followed
normally by clock position.
MUSIC
Electronic radar jamming. On AI radar, electronic
deceptive jamming.
MUTUAL SUPPORT
The coordinated maneuvering of two or more aircraft to
provide combined firepower and survivability. This
coordination can be achieved via position, radio, fire
control system or a combination of these factors.
NAKED
No RWR indications. Opposite of term "spike".
NEGATIVE CONTACT
Lack of radar and/ or SIF contact.
NO JOY
Aircrew does not have visual contact with the
target/bandit; opposite of term "TALLY."
NOTCH (Direction)
All-aspect missile defensive maneuver to place threat
radar/missile near the beam.
OFF (Direction)
Informative call indicating attack is terminated and
maneuvering to the indicated direction.
OFFSET (Direction)
Informative call indicating maneuver in a specified
direction with reference to the target.
OPTIMUM TURN
A turn during which energy remains constant and turn rate
is maximized.
OVERSHOOT ( Flight path overshoot )
Attacking aircraft is forced to the outside of his
intended victim's flight path while attempting to achieve
a shot. In a severe overshoot, the attacker's flight path
carries him forward of the defender's 3-9 line and roles
can be reversed.
PACKAGE
Geographically isolated collection of
groups/contacts/formations.
PADLOCKED
Informative call indicating aircrew hqs "tally" and cannot
take eyes off an aircraft/ground target without risk of
losing tally/visual.
PAINT
Friendly AAI/APX interrogation retum.
PARROT
A military IFF transponder.
PERCH
Position from which an attack can be launched.
PICTURE
Situation briefing which includes real-time information
pertinent to a specific mission.
PIGEONS (Location)
Magnetic bearing and range to a specified point.
PINCER
A tactic designed to maneuver an enemy into a defensive
position by simultaneous attack from both sides of bogey.
PIPPER
A HUD symbol representing an aiming line of sight. The
pipper is in the center of the reticle.
PIRQUETTING
Rolling an aircraft about its longitudinal axis while
pointed up or down at low G thus effecting a rapid change
in heading when higher G is again applied.
PITCH/PITCHBACK (Left/Right)
Directive call for fighter/flight to execute a nose-high
heading reversal.
PLACARD G LIMIT
The limiting cockpit G for the particular configuration.
PLANE OF TURN
Plane defined by the flight path of an aircraft and its
turn radius.
PLAYTIME
Amount of time aircraft can remain on station.
POINT
Directive for an element to turn towards each other either
as a defensive response or to reestablish a mutually
supportive formation.
POP
Starting climb for air-to-surface attack.
POPEYE
Flying in clouds or area of reduced visibility.
POSIT
Request for position; response normally in terms of a
geographic landmark, or off a common reference point.
POST ATTACK (Direction)
WD transmission to indicate desired direction after
completion of intercept/engagement.
POST-ATTACK (DIRECTION)
Cardinal direction weapons controller assigns a fighter
for the purpose of leaving the target area.
POST-ATTACK (HEADING)
Specific heading passed by the weapons controller after
aircrew has completed the attack.
POST HOLE
Rapid descending spiral.
POWER
Reminder to set the throttles appropriately considering
the IR threat and desired energy state.
PRESS
Directive / informative call to continue the attack.
Normally given by supporting fighter in response to
engaged fighter's statement of intentions and means he is
in a position to attack should the engaged fighter's
position deteriorate.
PRESSING
Term describing a delay resulting in releasing ordnance
closer and/or lower to a target than planned.
PULLING
Descriptive of the situation where the bandit is behind
the one stating "I'm pulling."
PUMP
A briefed maneuver to stop closure on the threat or
geographical boundry while maintaining situation
awareness.
PURE
Call indicating pure pursuit is being used or directive
call to go pure pursuit.
PURE PURSUIT ATTACK
An attack geometry that will cause the attacker to fly
directly at the target. The nose of the attacker's
aircraft remains pointed at the defender's aircraft.
PUSH (Channel)
Go to designated frequency.
PUSHING
Descriptive of the situation where the bandit is in front
of the one stating "I'm pushing".
QUARTER PLANE MANEUVER
A maneuver, executed from an offensive position, used to
preserve nose-tail separation and a positional advantage
for future maneuvering when presented with an impending
flight path overshoot or to counter a reversal attempt by
the defender. An aggressive, exaggerated rolling pull out
of the bandit's plane of motion at close range to
reposition the attacker's lift vector at least 90 degrees
away from the bandit's plane of motion. This maneuver is
often performed instead of a high yo-yo when the attacker
realizes too late how quickly the aspect is increasing.
RADIAL G
The vectored sum of cockpit G and gravity.
RANCH HOUSE (Altitude)
Directive or informative indicating subject fighters will
return to CAP.
RANGE WIND
That component of a wind that is parallel to the attack
axisi.e., headwind or tailwind.
RAYGUN (Position/Azimuth/Altitude)
Radar lock-on to unknown aircraft. Request Buddy
Spike/Naked reply.
REFERENCE (Direction)
Directive to assume stated heading.
REFERENCE (HEADING)
Heading to fly as directed by the flight lead. Reference
270.
RENO
Indicates that more than one radar contact is observed and
aircrew is able to distinguish the assigned target from
chicks. Does not imply sorted.
REVERSAL
A counter-offensive rolling maneuver designed to reverse
roles on an attacker after he overshoots.
RIFLE
AGM-65 launch.
ROGER
Indicates aircrew understands the radio transmission; does
not indicate compliance or reaction.
ROLLING SCISSORS
A series of rolling maneuvers in which each of two
opposing aircraft is attempting to roll to his opponent's
6 o'clock. An energy depleting, maximum performance
situation which frequently ends up in a slow speed, high
AOA descent.
RUMBA
Ownship maneuvering and ranging (OMAR), F-15 angle on
ranging (AOR), F-16.
RUN/RUNNING (Direction)
Directive/Informative
Perform a defensive maneuver to place the threat
radar/missile on the tail.
SAM (Direction)
Visual acquisition of a SAM or SAM launch. Should include
position.
SANDWICH
A situation where an aircraft / element finds themselves
in between opposing aircraft / element(s).
SANDWICHED
A situation where an aircraft/element finds themselves
between opposing aircraft/elements.
SAUNTER
Fly at best endurance. Loiter.
SCISSORS
A series of turn reversals designed to cause an attacking
aircraft to overshoot and lose nose-tail separation.
SEARCH LEFT / RIGHT / HIGH / LOW
Search area indicated as briefed and report all contacts.
SEPARATE
Leave the fight/engagement due to loss of advantage,
change of odds or situation. Similar to bugout, except
bugout is usually permanent separation. May or may not
reenter.
SEQUENTIAL ATTACK
Swapping of roles of engaged and supportive fighters as
one or the other comes into a more favorable position to
achieve a kill.
SHACKLE
One weave; a single crossing of flight paths; maneuver to
adjust/ regain formation parameters.
SHADOW
Follow indicated target.
SHIFT
Directive to illuminate second target with laser
designator.
SHOOTER
Aircraft designated to employ ordnance.
SHOTGUN
Launch of antiradiation (SHRIKE) missile by Wild Weasel.
SICK
Described equipment is degraded.
SIGHT PICTURE
Term used to describe the position of the pipper at
release.
SIGNAL CHARLIE
Landing area is clear; commence approach. (NAVY air
operations in control of airborne jets)
SIGNAL DELTA
Landing area is foul (not clear); commence standard
holding pattern. (NAVY air operations in control of
airborne jets)
SIGNAL BUSTER
Use maximum speed (burner for those so equipped). (NAVY
air operations in control of airborne jets)
SILENT
"GO SILENT" directive to initiate briefed EMCON
procedures.
SKIP IT
Veto of fighter commit call; used by radar facility when
higher priority target is present, usually followed with
further directions.
SLICE
An informative call for fighter to execute a nose-low
heading reversal to reposition as stated . Often used to
obtain a change in flight path direction while maximizing
radial G and sustaining airspeed or accelerating.
SLICE/SLICEBACK (Left/Right)
Directive to perform a high-G descending turn in the
stated direction; usually 180 deg. turn.
SLOW
Target with ground speed of less than 300 kts.
SNAP SHOT
High angle off Attack or passing gun shot. Attacker's turn
rate does not equal defender's LOS rate, whether
intentional or unintentional.
SNAP ( )
An immediate vector (bearing and range) to the group
described.
SNAP VECTOR
A quick vector to the requested position.
SORTED
Criteria have been met which ensure individual flight
members have separate contacts; criteria can be met
visually, electronically (radar) or both. Final radar lock
taken.
SPARKLE
Target marking by a gunship or FAC using incendiary
rounds.
SPIKE
RWR indication of AT threat is displayed. Add clock
position, and type threat (radar/heat) if able.
SPITTER (Direction)
An aircraft that has departed from the engagement.
SPLASH
Missile time of flight is expired or missile destroyed;
target or bomb impact.
SPLIT
Request to engage a threat; visual may not be maintained,
requires flight lead acknowledgement (air-to-air). Also,
directive to begin briefed maneuver/attack.
SPLIT PLANE MANEUVERING
Two or more aircraft maneuvering in different planes of
motion.
SPOOFING
Informative that voice deception is being employed.
SPOT
Informative that laser target designation is being
received.
SQUAWK ( )
Operate IFF as indicated or IFF is operating as indicated.
STACK
Two or more groups/contacts/formations with a high/low
altitude separation in relation to each other.
STATUS
Request for an individual's tactical situation; response
is normally "offensive," "defensive," or "neutral" with
number of targets. May be suffixed by position and
heading.
STERN
Request for, or directive to, intercept using stern
geometry.
STERN ONLY
Intercept will be completed using stern geometry. A
conversion to a "CUTOFF" will not be attempted.
STINGER
Formation of two or more aircraft with a single in trail.
STRANGER
Unidentified traffic that is not a participant in the
mission.
STRANGLE ( )
Turn off equipment indicated.
STROBE
AI radar indications of noise radar jamming.
SUNRISE
Informative call that command and control functions are
available from GCI/AWACS (opposite of MIDNIGHT).
SUPPORTING
The act of assisting the engaged fighter in killing the
bandit while maintaining overall battle situation
awareness.
SWITCH/SWITCHED
Indicates an attacker is changing from one aircraft to
another.
TALLY
Sighting of a target/bandit; opposite of "NO JOY".
TARGET()
Specification of sort responsibility.
THREAT (Direction)
(GCI/AWACS) Informative that an untargeted bandit/bogey is
within 10 NM of a friendly.
TIED
Positive radar contact with element/aircraft.
TRACK
A series of related contacts indicating direction of
travel.
TRACKING
Stabilized gun solution.
TRAIL
Tactical formation of two or more aircraft following one
another.
TRAILER
The last aircraft in a formation.
TRASHED
Informative call; missile in flight has been defeated.
TUMBLEWEED
Describes one who is "NO JOY, " ЈBLINDЈ and rapidly losing
situation awareness, in a request for directive commentary
and orientation. Colloquially NO TALLY; NO VISUAL, NO
CLUE!
UNIFORM
UHF/AM radio.
UPWIND AIM POINT (UAP)
A point on the ground whose distance and direction from a
target represents an adjusted aim point, usually for wind
compensation in manual bombing.
VECTOR
Aircrew request / WC directive for a cutoff heading to the
entity described.
VIC
Three groups/contacts/formations with the single closest
in range and an element in trail.
VICTOR
VHF/AM radio.
VISUAL
Visual contact with friendly aircraft. Opposite of
"BLIND".
WALL
Three or more groups/contacts/formations line
abreast/side-side.
WEAPONS ENVELOPE
The area around a target aircraft from which the attacker
can launch one of his weapons and expect a high
probability of achieving a kill.
WEAVE
Continuous crossing of flight paths by members of a
formation.
WEDGE
Tactical formation of two or more aircraft with the single
in front and the other aircraft laterally displaced on
either side behind the leader's wing line.
WEEDS
Indicates that aircraft are operating close to the
surface.
() WELL
Described equipment is functioning properly.
WHAT LUCK
Request for results of mission/tasks.
WHAT STATE
Report amount of fuel and/or armament remaining as
requested; for training, repeat ordnance as follows:
Radar = number of radar missiles shots remaining.
Heat = number of IR missiles shots remaining.
Gun = Gun on-board and bullets remaining.
Fuel = pounds of fuel or time remaining.
WILCO
Will comply with received instructions.
WINCHESTER
Term used to report expenditure of all ordnance of a
particular type.
WORDS
Mission-pertinent information.
WORDS
Mission-pertinent information.
WORKING
Wild Weasel is gathering EOB on a designated emitter.
ZIPPER
Acknowledge radio transmissions with two clicks of the
mike button.
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